Why is Binary Search so Efficient?

The key to binary search’s efficiency lies in its ability to eliminate half of the remaining search space in each step. This leads to a time complexity of O(log n), where ‘n’ is the number of elements in the array. This logarithmic time complexity means that even for very large arrays, the number of comparisons required to find an element grows very slowly.

Contrast this with a linear search (checking each element one by one), which has a time complexity of O(n). For a large array with millions of elements, binary search can find an element in a fraction of the time it would take a linear search.